Airbrush, an AI photo editor, announced that the research paper “StructGen: Disambiguating Multi-Reference Image Generation via Structured Context Modeling” has been accepted at ACM MM 2026, the ACM International Conference on Multimedia. Developed by a cross-institutional research team, StructGen addresses a persistent challenge in AI image generation: helping models understand how multiple people, outfits, objects and backgrounds should be combined.
As the number of reference images increases, prompts can become ambiguous. Models may assign clothing to the wrong person, omit an object or unintentionally change a face or background. StructGen reduces this ambiguity by assigning each reference a clear label and separating the source images from the instructions describing how they should be composed.
The research also introduces a training-data pipeline and StructGen Bench, a benchmark of 400 cases across eight scenario types. According to the paper, StructGen outperformed existing methods overall on both the public OmniContext benchmark and StructGen Bench, with particularly clear gains on complex multi-reference tasks.
StructGen’s structured-context approach is being applied to support continued improvements to AI Replace in the Airbrush app. In practical editing workflows, this clearer mapping can help the model distinguish which subject should receive a selected garment or object while keeping unrelated parts of the composition unchanged. The goal is a more controllable editing experience with fewer unintended changes and less repeated generation; results may still vary by image and prompt.
“When people edit with several references, the model needs to understand not only what each image contains, but also how those elements relate to one another. StructGen gives that context a clearer structure, helping us build creative tools that respond more reliably while preserving users’ intent,” said Lyllian Lai, Product Lead of Airbrush.
AI Replace is available in the Airbrush app. Users can also explore Airbrush’s browser-based editing tools at airbrush.com.
About Airbrush
Airbrush is an AI-powered photo and video editing platform available on mobile and the web. Its tools help users retouch portraits, remove or replace objects, enhance image quality and create visual content for personal, social and professional use. The web experience provides quick access to enhancement, cleanup and creative editing without requiring users to install desktop software. Online tools include the AI image enhancer and other browser-based editing features.
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